The future of anti-drone and anti-satellite systems is based on microwave and laser systems.

MQ-20 with laser (TWZ)

Today, the systems that destroy drones are based on laser-guided rockets. Those rockets deliver fragments around them. And that should destroy drones. The limit is that if a drone flies very close to infrastructure. Those fragments can cause damage to the power lines and other things. Those rockets can also be used against unarmed targets. Like small vehicles and infantry formations. But the drone defense requires new and more effective systems. The drone swarm can involve thousands of drones. And that means there is a possibility that the defense runs out of ammo. 

The answer to that problem could be microwave and laser weapons. High-flying drones like MQ-20 “Avenger”. It can carry a laser weapon above the battlefield. The laser weapon can shoot down low-flying drones from above. The idea of that system is based on the idea of a laser and an observation platform that can be quite slow. Can fly above the battlefield. 

NKC-135 ALL (Airborne Laser Laboratory)

YAL-1A Airborne Laser in flight with the mirror unstowed.

The Beriev A-60 has quite similar systems. To YAL-1. The Lidar searches the target for the main laser weapon. The weapon can be easily changed, because the system tests different types of lasers. 

That system can shoot down or damage most modern aircraft. The platform itself. Can have solar panels. And electric engines. The system would be made using stealth material. These kinds of systems are hard targets because radar has problems finding them. The laser weapon can destroy incoming missiles. 

There were plans to create high-flying laser planes in the early 21st century. There were many tests using modified Boeing 747 (YAL-1) and NKC-135 aircraft to carry and use laser weapons against ballistic missiles. Russians created the Beriev A-60 plane for the same purpose. The Beriev is still operational. The problem is that even if those systems cannot destroy ballistic missiles. They can be. A very big threat. To the low-flying satellites. 

The high-flying, powerful laser systems can also operate against hypersonic, atmospheric missiles. The laser weapon. That is, airborne at high altitude can operate against both. Drone swarms and low-orbiting satellites. The high-altitude laser systems. They are a threat to the targeting and many other satellites. Those systems can also be used against other aircraft. 

https://www.twz.com/air/laser-guided-rockets-now-primary-anti-drone-weapon-for-usaf-jets-in-middle-east

https://www.twz.com/air/mq-20-avenger-depicted-with-laser-weapon-in-its-nose-a-sign-of-whats-to-come

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airborne_Laser

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beriev_A-60

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_NC-135

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_YAL-1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Atomics_MQ-20_Avenger

New, cheap private flying vehicles are interesting tools.

Four Jetson ONEs racing - Jetson/YouTube

The first personal flying vehicles from Jetson are very interesting. New technology and materials are tools that make it possible. To create cheap, personal aerial vehicles. Those vehicles can bring new winds into transportation. In private. professional and military use. Those small aerial vehicles can transport people between their homes and workplaces. 

They can transport medical teams and their equipment to their customers. And those systems can transport military operators to their operational areas. And then those systems can fly away. The small, personal aerial vehicles can transport injured people over the rush. 

And they can also transport people out of the hatch of the VTOL aircraft. Like V-22 “Osprey”. That means they could replace parachutes in some missions. They can also transport equipment. Those small systems can also transport people to the roofs. And they can serve rescue crews. In the case of fire. That ability causes a situation. The security systems must be re-estimated. The bandits can slip into the building from the roof windows. And they can travel to the roofs by using those small aerial systems. 

Flying cars have been introduced. That term means cheap. Personal aerial vehicles. But there is a possibility of making flying motorcycles. Those systems can make the Imperial patrol speeder bikes from the Star Wars movies possible. The system can involve a quadcopter. And maybe a jet engine. That gives more speed. 

Using the quadcopter technology. There is a possibility of making these kinds of systems in garages. Private people can create those large-scale quadcopters. And there is always the possibility of being equipped. Those small aerial vehicles. By using light machine guns and bazookas. Or small anti-tank missiles or Stinger missiles. That makes them dangerous in the wrong hands.

https://currently.att.yahoo.com/att/worlds-first-jetson-personal-aerial-114500815.html

Osmotic engine.

Above: Osmotic engine diagram. 

“Osmotic power plants harness the same principle as osmosis: water moving from a less concentrated solution to a more concentrated one across a semipermeable membrane. At Fukuoka, electricity is produced from the salinity gradient between two streams placed on either side of a semipermeable membrane. 

On one side, there is concentrated seawater created by extracting fresh water; on the other, treated water from a sewage treatment facility. The membrane allows water to pass but blocks impurities. As water naturally moves toward the saltier side, pressure builds and is used to spin a turbine, which then drives a generator.

The osmotic engine can give.  A big advance in nanotechnology. And that system can also revolutionize energy production, if full-scale osmotic systems can be produced someday. The osmotic engine's basis is in osmosis. When there is a semi-permeable membrane between two liquids. Another is a strong salt mixture, and the other is a weaker mixture. Water travels from a weak concentration. To the strong concentration. The flow continues until those concentrations have the same salt content. “ (Interesting Engineering, Inside Asia’s first osmotic power plant: How Japan turns saltwater into electricity )

There is a possibility of using osmosis as a power source. Those systems are tested in Japan and Denmark.

The semi-permeable membrane can have nano-sized propellers in the holes. The water flows between those concentrations. And puts those propellers into motion. Nano-propellers make nano-sized generators rotate. The problem is that. It is needed. A lot of those nano-sized systems. This makes those systems hard to make.

In some other versions. Osmosis drives liquid into the other side of the piston. There, that membrane makes a “window”. This allows the osmotic reaction, which raises the piston. 

On a large scale. There are plans. To create closed-cycle osmotic engines. The idea is that the osmotic engine makes water flow. Through that membrane. The system takes energy from that movement. Then the system can use the capillary effect. To flow that liquid up. Then the system drops liquid through another membrane. This separates salt from water. Then that separated salt will be driven to the chamber where there is a stronger concentration. 

The osmosis engine is one of the things. That can be the power source of the future. The system can give energy to things. Like small-scale underwater systems. The system must only filter salt from the water flow. Then it drives that distilled water under the membrane. And then the osmotic force pulls. That distilled water passes through the membrane to the salt water. There is also a possibility to connect. The small-sized underwater robot movement. 

To this system. The system can drive distilled water behind the osmotic, or semi-permeable membrane. Then that water travels. To a stronger salt concentration. This forms the pushing effect. This kind of system. There is a membrane that removes salt from water. Making an osmotic pressure. Pushing those nano-robots forward can revolutionize the movement. The membrane can make the cleaning process by moving back and forth. Then that weaker salt concentration travels to the nanomachines' osmotic membrane. These kinds of systems can enable nanomachines to move very well.  The osmotic systems can be used. In small robot submarines. That should move in the blood vessels. 

https://interestingengineering.com/energy/asias-first-osmotic-power-plant

https://www.kt.dtu.dk/newsarchive/2023/02/the-power-of-osmosis

https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/7/4/232

https://patents.google.com/patent/US20100024423A1/

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780128236901000101

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmotic_power

Acoustic waves are the new observation tools.

Acoustic-wave noninvasive BCI." (SPJ, The Emergence of Functional Ultrasound for Noninvasive Brain–Computer Interface)

AI will revolutionize observation technology. Sam Altmann’s new startup researches the ability to use acoustic waves to read brains. This new type of Brain-computer interface, BCI, doesn’t need surgery or microchips. Just acoustic waves that read the mind. The system observes the behavior of the neurons, or maybe it sees the neurotransmitters using acoustic-optical inspection. The system uses highly accurate sonar signals to observe the brain shell. 

The AI can analyze those functions and make it possible to create a system that reads minds, using acoustic waves. The system will transmit acoustic waves into the brain. The system analyzes the reflected waves. This makes it possible. To create a BCI system. That acts without knives and electromagnetic signals. 

The point at which that system directs the observation signal is not specified. Researchers can use acoustic signals to observe blood vessels and tissues; however, the challenge lies in determining the optimal frequency and wavelengths. When an acoustic system creates a sound wave, or an acoustic wave, it must use a wavelength that is smaller than the observable target. 

And this means that the system must have a transmitter that is smaller than the observable object. New materials. Like triangle-shaped graphene and fullerene are tools that can be used to make very sharp acoustic tools. In some models, the fullerene balls form so-called quantum lanterns. There is some atom in the fullerene ball, and then the system injects energy into that atom or molecule. Then that molecule sends an energy signal outside the system. The system can consist of two fullerene balls, or nano-lanterns. That makes them the nano-sized fullerene doppler system. 

By using fullerene nanotubes and the linear atom chains, where atoms are in a straight line. Makes it possible to use this system. As the nano-sized LRAD system. Or “sound cannon”. Those very high-accurate signals can make it possible to see incredibly small structures. In a triangle-shaped graphene. The system focuses energy into one point. If there is some other material. Where that graphene structure injects energy. That makes another material oscillate. The biggest difference. Between acoustic and electromagnetic waves. Is the thing. that transmits energy. Acoustic waves are molecular and atomic movements. 

And in electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic fields are moving. An electromagnetic wave can transform into an acoustic wave. When a laser wave injects energy into the graphene structure, that structure starts to oscillate. We hear that oscillation as sound waves. In monoatomic structures, the energy impulse that hits the bottom of the structure creates phenomena called phonons. 

A phonon is a so-called quantum acoustic wave. That allows for the transmission of energy into the structures with a very high accuracy. That kind of system can allow. An acoustic signal transmission from the triangle-shaped graphene to the larger graphene layer with one-atom accuracy, if the tip of that triangle is one atom in size. 

There are tests that the small particles will be driven to the organs. And then the system puts them to oscillate. Those particles send oscillations as an acoustic wave through the structure. That makes acoustic waves that the system sees as the image. Denser points change the acoustic wave behavior. And that makes an image for the system. If an acoustic wave causes the cell’s proteins to oscillate. That makes it possible to observe those cells by analyzing those waves. 

When the system pumps energy into the fullerene ball. That ball releases that energy into the wavelength that is the same as the fullerene ball. Fullerene is a monoatomic carbon structure. And can those atoms send separate waves, depending on the question, can those waves unite into one entirety? Anyway, those atoms form standing waves between them. 

But if we put one carbon atom into our fullerene lantern and inject energy into that atom, the atom sends an energy impulse to the fullerene ball and makes its carbon atom structure oscillate. That oscillation forms standing waves in the chemical bonds. The point. The standing wave form determines whether it can destroy the structure. In the first case, most of those waves travel in empty space between atoms. But in the second case, the wave movement forms a standing wave in chemical bonds. And in that case, there is no need for a strong force to push atoms away. An energy impulse that travels in chemical bonds creates so-called solitons in those structures. Solitons are impacting waves. And then energy jumps back from that structure to the atom. 

If standing waves form between those atoms in empty space. Those waves also oscillate. Or when the energy level in energy stress decreases. That decreases the size of those standing waves. In that case, this movement forms low-pressure energy  around those waves, and they can pull energy out from their environment. This is why the standing wave that forms in empty space is less vulnerable than the standing wave in chemical bonds. 

https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/research.0200

https://www.techlusive.in/artificial-intelligence/what-if-ai-could-hear-your-thoughts-sam-altman-is-building-a-device-that-can-read-your-thoughts-without-touching-your-brain-1613435/

https://www.voltaireweb.com/post/sam-altman-is-hedging-bets-on-startup-that-seeks-to-rewire-brain

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphene

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonon

Chinese GJ-X stealth drone is airborne.

Above: The GJ-X drone

Chinese giant GJ-X drone causes grey hair. Those stealth drones can make reconnaissance and attack missions. There is a possibility. The prime role of those large-sized drones can be. To take out high-value sea and land targets. The drone can drop sub-drones over the targets. This makes defense against those drones hard. The GJ-X can also. Be the tool. that can be used to demonstrate the technology. The wingspan of those drones is about 42 meters. 

That is needed for the next-generation miniature space shuttles. The stealth shuttle can be used as a space fighter. This can destroy things like satellites. Or the miniature space systems can carry internally installed nuclear bombs. If those highly advanced fractional orbital bombardment systems are not needed, the miniature shuttles can return to base. The drone can be shot at the orbiter using heavy cargo rockets. 

“The satellite image that was the first public evidence of this aircraft existing showed it on the runway at China’s test base near Malan. (PHOTO © 2025 PLANET LABS INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. REPRINTED BY PERMISSION)” (TWZ, China’s Huge ‘GJ-X’ Stealth Drone Appears To Have Been Spotted In The Air For The First Time)

The GJ-X stealth drone is quite similar to the U.S. X-47B. That flew. First time in 2011. The GJ-X is a large system. Which means. It's an unmanned jet fighter and a large-sized kamikaze drone. The GJ-X can have the capability to make attacks using bombs or missiles, but those drones can also have internal nuclear weapons. When a drone is in a certain position, those nuclear weapons can detonate internally. Things like aircraft carriers are things. That can be good targets for those large-sized drones. 

“The X-47B demonstrators were fighter-sized cranked kite flying wing UCAVs from Northrop Grumman that flew as a test program for the Navy in the 2010s. There was talk of a much larger X-47C concept that would have been nearly tactical bomber-sized that never moved ahead. Some renderings of the B-3/Next Generation Bomber also featured cranked kite planforms. (USN)” (TWZ, China’s Huge ‘GJ-X’ Stealth Drone Appears To Have Been Spotted In The Air For The First Time)

Or those drones can drop them into their targets like manned bombers. GJ-X drone can patrol over seas, and when it sees a target. It can attack that target by using regular weapons. Or the system can attack the target using kamikaze tactics. The thing that makes those GJ-X type drones very dangerous is that. Those systems can be the new types of cruise missiles. That can patrol over certain areas like other drones. And they can attack any target. If those attacks are not needed, that kind of system can return to base. 

Those large-sized drones can also carry small rockets to the edge of the atmosphere. The thing that makes those drones dangerous is that they can have ultimate flexibility. The NVIDIA DGX Spark type. Small and effective petaflops-class supercomputers. It can act as the drone’s brain. The AI  can be a game-changer in drone technology. The artificial intelligence. Along with very high-power computing, it makes cloud-based solutions unnecessary. The AI-based control software. It can make the air-combat-capable drones possible. The small size. High-power data processing system. This makes a cloud-based solution. Unnecessary. Making those drones independent from the networks. That makes those drones immune to the low-power ECM systems. 

https://aviationnews.eu/news/2025/10/chinas-massive-gj-x-stealth-drone-spotted-in-first-public-flight/

https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/us/video-shows-chinas-huge-gjx-stealth-drone-in-air-for-the-first-time-signaling-potential-threat-to-us-security/articleshow/124701327.cms

https://www.twz.com/air/chinas-huge-cj-x-stealth-drone-appears-to-have-been-spotted-in-the-air-for-the-first-time

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongdu_GJ-11

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northrop_Grumman_X-47B

New eye implant restores vision.

 

"A new electronic eye implant has restored reading vision to people blinded by dry age-related macular degeneration. In a major trial, patients using the PRIMA implant and augmented-reality glasses were able to see letters and words again after years of darkness." (ScitechDaily, Solar-Powered Eye Implant Restores Reading Vision)

The solar-powered eye implant restores reading vision. These types of innovations are coming. Into everyday use. Those microchip implants could make a person see in the dark. If there is an IR and thermal IR vision. The fact is that these kinds of microchips are tools. That can make it possible to combine humans with machines in new ways. The eye-implanted microchips can act as screens. That makes it possible to create a connection with the internet without the brain implants. 

The microchip that restores vision can send that data into the nerve, or it can act as a screen. The system can transmit those signals to the optic nerve or straight to the visual cortex of the brain. That requires a connection between that chip and the visual cortex. 

The last version is the intelligent contact lens that can revolutionize. The human’s abilities. In those systems, the CCD camera is on the other side. And the screen is on the other side. The system can have a miniaturized Bluetooth. This makes it possible to communicate. With other Bluetooth devices. 

The same technology is used with those microchips. It can be used with intelligent contact lenses, which are a lightweight method. To complete the human-machine interface. The intelligent microchips can accomplish the task. That we can call. The technical remote view. Those microhips can collect information from drones and other tools. Which have the compatible systems. 

There is a possibility that the animal. Like some bird. Could get this microchip. And then the GSM- or radio transmitter. That allows it to transmit everything that it sees to the ground stations. Small-sized data transmitters can be connected to the feet of the bird, like message capsules are connected with a bird of prey. Or they can be surgically implanted under the chest of the animal. Those systems can transmit voice and images to the observers. Those microchips can involve microphones. And they allow operators to see how real animals behave. They can also be used in robots as tools that can collect information and share it between other actors. 

https://scitechdaily.com/solar-powered-eye-implant-restores-reading-vision/

Waiting for the audience

 

Night story about real-life genetics.

New systems can make 3D printing inside the body using ultrasound. 

New system prints living tissues inside the human body using ultrasound. That system makes it possible. To fix damaged tissues in organs without a surgeon. Those kinds of systems can also block the blood vessels. in the tumors. But those ultrasound systems are the tools that can repair many things. And in the most interesting things. The 3D printer system that can make bioprints inside the body. It can create new DNA molecules in the targeted organism. If the system has high enough accuracy, it makes it possible to break the DNA molecules in cells into bits and then. Re-order those base pairs. 

This makes it possible to transform the organism. Into another one. Changing the base pairs in the DNA can make it possible to decode genetic material. And that can make the cell. Create things. Like fibrine. That blocks the blood vessels in the case of injuries. Or the fibrin can also block blood vessels to the tumors. But those kinds of systems are things. That can make sci-fi movie technology look old-fashioned. In some scenarios, researchers could create  real-life skin-walkers simply by changing the genomes inside the animal’s body. 

“In Navajo culture, a skin-walker (Navajo: yee naaldlooshii) is a type of harmful witch who has the ability to turn into, possess, or disguise themselves as an animal. The term is never used for healers.” (Wikipedia, Skin-walkers) 

The system can use technology. That makes the genetic material. Travel through the immune system. The genome can be wrapped inside the protein. That is made from the receiver’s cells. Another version is to create genetically engineered bacteria whose shell proteins are identical. To the receiver’s tissue types. The virus can also have a shell protein. That allows it. To travel into cells. Without launching the immune system. 

The system must only make the DNA. That destroys the old DNA from the cells. And replace that DNA, using the new genetic code. The mRNA package can program a cell organelle to make that thing. Those nano-packages. Where the needed genetic code is. It can be shot at the receiver. The system can shoot them with the gun, which can deliver those nanobullets. Those nanobullets can also transport those engineered cells that create viruses whose purpose is to make the transformation process. 

The system can also use acoustic wormholes to transport genetic materials into the desired objects. These types of technology. Make it possible to reprogram a large number of cells in a short period. Causes thoughts about things like werewolves and “skinwalkers”. The ability to change form requires that the organism can change. It's genetic material inside its cells. In some models, things like a full moon can form this effect. To transform into another species, the creature requires only the second DNA that it can start to read in certain situations. 

Another thing is that the ability to manipulate genomes makes it possible to create bacteria that can store human memories. Then the bacteria can transform themselves into a neuron. That transmits the data into the receiver’s brain. This technology can mean the end of death as we know it. This technology makes it possible. To transform one species into another. 

https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/3d-printer-to-build-tissue-inside-body

https://interestingengineering.com/health/3d-printing-living-cells-human-reality

https://www.sciencealert.com/scientists-3d-print-material-deep-inside-the-body-using-ultrasound

https://scitechdaily.com/new-cancer-therapy-smuggles-viruses-past-immune-defenses/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin-walker

Unpredictable actions make human behavior hard to predict.

 Unpredictable actions make human behavior hard to predict. 

"To be, or not to be" 

98% of generative AI projects fail. The reason for that is that researchers try to replace humans. But is this the only thing that causes failures? Another thing that can cause failure is this: people try to use AI for purposes. There, it cannot operate. When we think. About those cases, there is always a possibility that people misunderstand. Things about what they should do. There is a possibility that people try to use AI as a tool that makes something impossible. And one of those things is. To use the AI. To make predictions about economics. 

Economics, psychology, and sociology are not exact sciences like mathematics and physics. The AI can calculate things like the energy levels of particles quite easily. If it knows all quantum fields. And all other things. That interacts with that thing. A psychological effect. Makes it impossible to make predictions about the economic advances. Human behavior is unpredictable. When we go out and say. We go for a walk. For 30 minutes. But we might not do that thing. 

Feelings and imagination are things. That allows us to make unpredictable things. 

We should always react to similar stress in similar ways. But we use only successful ways to respond to the challenges. If we don’t get successful feedback. We change the method. How to respond to the challenge. Every action that we do is a small challenge. When we cross the road, there is always a possibility that a car will hit us. When we walk to the shop, there is always a possibility that we slip on the icy street. That’s why there must be an alternative route. 

There is always a possibility that a burglar breaks into the shop, and the police keep the shop closed. Or the milk car can have an engine failure. Causing a lack of milk in the shop. Most everyday challenges involve a risk of injury. Or even die. If we cannot act right. If we just run to the road. Without caring about anything, there is a possibility that we run straight under the car. 

We can make a U-turn just outside the door and walk back in. We can change our direction for any visible reason. The reason why we make that U-turn could be that we just want to turn around. When a particle turns its direction, there must be some outside reason. The behavior of the particles and radiation is predictable. If we know the entirety. And the thing that makes us unpredictable is feelings. If we feel that we cannot accept something, we don’t do that thing, even if our sense says something else. 

This makes things like economics hard to predict. We should have knowledge of how certain persons react. In certain situations. But the problem is that we cannot know everything that the person faced during their life. And those missing parts can be the most. important things for that person. This is why it’s hard to predict how people react in certain situations. 

One of the reasons why behavior models are failing is that people hide data. Making predictions of the behavior of large groups of humans is much easier. When the group that AI uses grows. That means that the accuracy in the behavior of those people increases. But when we try to predict the behavior of a single person. We must collect all the data of them. We can see from that data how a person reacts to certain situations. If that person faces a similar situation. We can predict when. That person faces a similar situation again. That person will always act in a similar way in all similar situations if the way the person used was successful. 

The thing that makes us unpredictable gives us a big advantage over our competitors. The ability to make unpredictable moves and solutions makes predators hard. To track. And hunt us down. This is the ultimate ability in nature. Abstract thinking is the tool. That gives us the ability to make plans. That gives us the ability to operate unpredictably. 

Solar-powered drones and hypersonic technology are ultimate tools.

 Solar-powered drones and hypersonic technology are ultimate tools. 

"Because Skydwellers are solar-powered, they are green with zero carbon footprint." (Interesting Engineering, Drone with Boeing 747-sized wingspan flies 74 hours non-stop on only solar power)

New solar-powered drones can be far more effective than anyone expected. 

In some scenarios, solar-powered drones can be utilized for intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, and targeting purposes. Solar-powered drones can fly far higher than regular, jet-engined drones. If a solar-powered drone is made using stealth materials and uses low-visibility technology. Those systems can fly far above target areas, record radar signals, and observe communication tasks. And other things. Using different types of optical and radar scanners. The drone itself leaves a minimum IR and radar signature, and that system can transmit information about the battlefield to headquarters. 

Controllers can use laser data communication with those systems. The high-flying drone, or pseudo-satellite. Can make a similar mission. With satellites. And the difference is their flexibility. The large-sized drone can also transport rockets and missiles, and it can operate as a flying launching platform for satellite carriers as well as large missiles. 

The high-flying drones can see things. Like hypersonic missile launches, it can give early warning signals to the HQ. The hypersonic missile is one of the most critical things in modern warfare. If the large-sized Intercontinental ballistic missile, ICBM, launches the hypersonic missile. The flight trajectory would be a high-parabolic. 

A winged V-2 /A-4b) rocket is the atmospheric missile’s stem form. The wing’s idea was to give that primitive missile the external range. That missile had the purpose to bomb New York, but its test flights began in spring 1945. Some of them could fly in White Sands, USA, after WWII. 

The missile transports the hypersonic system to a high trajectory, and then the hypersonic missile dives back to the atmosphere and launches its ramjet or scramjet engine. The trajectory makes the hypersonic missile launch quite hard to detect. The launch may seem like a rocket failure. That means hypersonic missiles are tools that are hard for defense.  That’s why those early warning and defense systems require updating. 

There is a possibility that giant ICBM missiles like “Sarmats” can transport those hypersonic missiles to their targets. The system can be based on the technology used in “Brahmos” missiles. The hypersonic missile can replace the upper stage, or stages, in an ICBM. Another version of the hypersonic missiles is the so-called atmospheric missiles. The atmospheric missile is a hypersonic missile. That uses a regular rocket engine to give speed. The missile can have wings and a steering wing. This changes the symmetry in the rocket engine’s exhaust gas. Which turns the missile. The atmospheric missile can have a selectable flight profile. That system can fly like a normal missile. But it can have an atmospheric flight profile. 

http://www.astronautix.com/a/a-4b.html

https://interestingengineering.com/military/drone-boeing-747-sized-wingspan-flies

https://interestingengineering.com/photo-story/us-military-validates-all-electric-drone

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AeroVironment_Helios_Prototype

New self-assembly nanotubes turn the impossible possible.

  New self-assembly nanotubes turn the impossible possible. 

"The crystal structure of a carbon bilayer. The purple outer layer and blue inner layer each have a similar arrangement of carbon atoms but are rotated relative to each other by just a few degrees. Credit: © 2021 Isobe et al." (ScitechDaily, Moiré Than Meets the Eye: Carbon Nanotubes Self-Assemble Into Complex Structures for Materials Research)

The Moiré pattern allows nanotubes to undergo a self-assembly process. Self-assembling nanostructures are a fundamental thing in nanoscale systems. That makes it possible to create extremely long nanotubes. Those nanotubes can be the fundamental materials in lightweight and strong structures, from extremely tall buildings to very strong aviation materials. 

Nanoscale technology means that. The structure is planned and created at the atomic level. The nanoscale structures are like LEGOs, and they can form larger structures. Nanotube technology makes it possible. To create lightweight and strong structures. In nanotube-based nanostructures, the nanotube bundle is bound together using a graphene layer. That makes the structure strong and lightweight. Those nanotube structures make it possible to create very tall buildings. 

The nanotube structure that graphene binds together. 

Artist’s impression of a space elevator

"A space elevator is conceived as a cable fixed to the equator and reaching into space. A counterweight at the upper end keeps the center of mass well above geostationary orbit level. This produces enough upward centrifugal force from Earth's rotation to fully counter the downward gravity, keeping the cable upright and taut. Climbers carry cargo up and down the cable." (Wikipedia, Space elevator)

Artist’s impression of Ceres space elevator.( Wikipedia commons)

The space sling is one of the versions of the centrifugal launch systems. Or spin launchers. The idea is similar to space elevators. That benefits Earth's rotation. For transport satellites to the orbiter or even to the solar system. The idea is that the probe is connected to a satellite using a very long cable. On the other side is the counterbalance. When the system launches a satellite, the space sling slings that cable.  Where the probe is connected like a sling. When the satellite is separated, the system must also separate the counterbalance that is on the other cable. Or it must roll that cable inside. 

When we think about mega-projects like space elevators, we always think about the mast-shaped structure. That some kind of asteroid keeps up. By benefiting from the centripetal force. The structure can also involve a pressure statue. If the system allows the airflow inside that tower. The air pressure pushes it up. And pressure keeps it in its form. 

 Another way to make that tower is to use the same technology. Used in the Burj Khalifa tower in Dubai. The building requires a large area base, which could be hundreds of kilometers. If the building’s area is large enough, it can be so high that it can reach even the edge of space. The building could be the mega-pyramid that has ever been seen before. 

And anyway, if we think about a kilometer-high launch tower, the rocket will launch through the low-pressure channel, which can save fuel. The rocket will be put in a launch position in the launch tube. Then the hatch at the top of the channel will open. And low pressure pulls the rocket through that channel. But those things are future visions. About systems that can revolutionize space technology. 

https://scitechdaily.com/moire-than-meets-the-eye-carbon-nanotubes-self-assemble-into-complex-structures-for-materials-research/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_elevator

The Fermi Paradox, the ultimate test.

 The Fermi Paradox, the ultimate test. 

Scientists suggest that all alien civilizations will collapse. Before they reach interstellar flight capacity. That is one of the things that causes big worries. Because we are also one of the civilizations. What makes us different than those still hypothetical aliens, who create a super weapon and then turn it against their own population. This is one of the things. Those are not very often mentioned. This is the thing. Called the final test in the civilization's ability to reach the Kardashev scale 2. The final test is this. The civilization must stop wars before it reaches Kardashev scale 1, which means it can travel in its solar system. The Kardashev scale 2 means that civilization can travel between stars. 

The big test is in the case. Where civilization faces some kind of ultimate threat, like a rogue planet. That enters their solar system. They must detonate that planet, or it will cause a lot of destruction. That requires an ability to create antimatter weapons or relativistic ammunition. The relativistic ammunition will be sent through the large linear accelerator. The satellites that go together like LEGOs. And they involve the channel that forms a giant particle accelerator. Or the so-called Gauss track. The RKV ammunition can be. The metal needle that the magnetic system accelerates to a speed. That is about 20-50% of the speed of light. 

When that ammunition hits the target, even a large planet will be destroyed. The anti-matter weapon can be a particle accelerator that uses photon-accelerated positrons. Another version is the small magnetic tank, where those positrons can hover. The railgun can shoot that tank against that incoming planet. Those systems are tools. That can turn evil. In the wrong hands. Those superweapons are tools. That power-hungry actors can use as blackmail the entire civilization. The thing that destroys those civilizations is the war against their own colonies. There is a possibility that those colonies. 

This civilization uses those colonies. To exploit its solar system’s resources. Can turn rebellious. There can be power-hungry leaders who prosecute their home planet for colonialism. And that can turn this Kardashev scale 1 civilization into a civil war. Another question is this. Can this thing be the end of human civilization? If the ultimate end of civilization is civil war, how can we be an exception? When we talk about things like the costs of interstellar flight, we face the fact that there are always points where the money doesn’t mean. 

First, this hypothetical alien civilization might have a different culture. And maybe they don’t care about money. And the point when their star starts to expand is the ultimate final point. Civilization must create ships that take those creatures to other solar systems. Or they will face extinction. The highly advanced civilization can use zombie stars as a power source. They must only drive material to the white dwarfs or the neutron star’s shell. But they must survive the supernova or nova eruption. That can be very violent. The question is always this. 

Can we avoid that situation? Well, the fact is this: sooner or later, our Sun will expand into a red giant. In this case, the sun will destroy our planet. If our descendants exist. They must move away, or the red giant burns them in an inferno that we cannot even imagine. When the sun uses its fuel. That star known as the Sun explodes as a nova. The result is a white dwarf. Maybe. Our descendants can create space stations. that can survive that event. And then they can start to drive material, like ions, to the white dwarf shell. Or they can create lots of solar sails and send those crafts to the galaxy using the nova eruption as a booster. 

When we talk about things like generation ships. We face one. Very big assumption. We always think. Those crews that travel with those slow spaceships are sent by a civilization that waits for them to return. The thing is that there is a possibility that those crews left from the solar systems that were destroyed a long time ago. That means those ships might have left their solar system in the final moment. And that means there might be nothing waiting for those crews. That is one hypothesis that should make us afraid. 

https://www.rudebaguette.com/en/2025/09/weve-hit-the-universal-limit-scientist-claims-all-alien-civilizations-collapse-before-reaching-interstellar-travel-while-humanity-approaches-technological-dead-end/

The Shroud of Turin is a fake. From the 13th or 14th century.

The Shroud of Turin is a fake. From the 13th or 14th century. 

"A newly uncovered medieval document challenges the authenticity of the Shroud of Turin, long believed by many to be Jesus’ burial cloth. Credit: Dianelos Georgoudis"(ScitechDaily,Was Jesus’ Crucified Body Wrapped in the Shroud of Turin? Newly Found Medieval Text Declares Relic a “Clear Fake”)

"A leading Shroud of Turin scholar says the findings are “further historical evidence that even in the Middle Ages, they knew that the Shroud was not authentic.” (ScitechDaily,Was Jesus’ Crucified Body Wrapped in the Shroud of Turin? Newly Found Medieval Text Declares Relic a “Clear Fake”)

Researchers found marks. The famous Shroud of Turin is fake. from medieval times. That means the shape of the creature in the Shroud of Turin could belong to some medieval knight. That means there cannot be a Jesus Christ who was buried in those shrouds. But the Shrouds of Tourin are a remarkable and still very mysterious thing. In the 13th or 14th century, religion was a very serious matter. 

“For instance, a recent study published in Archaeometry used 3D analysis to argue that the cloth had been draped over a sculpture rather than a human body. Radiocarbon dating has also placed the linen’s production in the late 13th or 14th century.”(ScitechDaily,Was Jesus’ Crucified Body Wrapped in the Shroud of Turin? Newly Found Medieval Text Declares Relic a “Clear Fake”)

That means people who made that fake were in a very big danger. If those people were caught faking the relics, their fate was in the bonfire. That was the only known punishment for faking those things. If those people who created that fake were caught. That meant extortion and bonfire execution. And did they go to church to sell that thing? 

This means there should be something that made people create that thing. Shrouds of Tourin is mysterious because it's fake. Who was the person whose image was in that relic? And why did somebody defy their fate to make that thing? Even if that person buried in that relic wasn't Jesus? That doesn’t remove the mystery of that relic.  The mystery is who selected that person to play Jesus? And who was that person whose shape is in that relic? Why did that person or his family allow him to be used as a model for a portrait? If somebody played Jesus in medieval society, they would be in great risk. 

https://scitechdaily.com/was-jesus-crucified-body-wrapped-in-the-shroud-of-turin-newly-found-medieval-text-declares-relic-a-clear-fake/

Silence in fog.

 Silence in fog. 

The fog covers the things that surround us. So, we see only objects that are near to us. We can see the dock that is away from the dry land. We can see that a dock is a distinct entity. In many horror and detective stories. The ghosts are hiding in the fog. With supernatural and natural creatures. that hides the light. 

In old novels. London fog covered many real and fictional criminals, and sometimes I think that the horrible murders that Jack the Ripper committed would not have been possible if the fog hadn’t covered those things. Fog symbolizes a calm and silent moment. that just waits for something. That turns everything around. If we take pictures in the foggy weather, we can create an illusion that the thing that we introduce is separated from everything else. 

There is only an object that hovers in the white in the middle of nothingness. In horror movies, nuns vanish in the dark, foggy weather, and the supernatural screams fill the air. The fog plays a great role in Sherlock Holmes' classic novel “The Hound Of The Baskervilles”.  And it plays a big role in modern horror movies like “The Fog” and “Pet Cemetery”. 

But we know that the dock is part of the entirety. Some people say that when they are so-called fake dead, they are lying in a boat that travels in the fog. These kinds of things are very nice things to read. But why are there so many people who want to terminate those experiences as hallucinations? Don’t people need some hope that there can be something after the final moments? That is one of the things. That we should think about. When we write things like death. Fog makes things look calm. It makes the observer think that everything is calm, but still, something waits. We know that when fog rises. Pirates rise to the ship deck in the fog. 

Seas turn dangerous in fog. When visibility is low, there are always risks. And in many crime stories, the fog is the key element for successful crime. Fog is the thing that covers details. There is a calm. But at the same time. Threatening feeling. We know that fog doesn’t remain forever. Suddenly, the wind blows the fog away. And we can see details that the fog hides.  Fog just waits to be removed, and then the next chapter begins. The fog leaves a path to people who dare to look at the thing that the fog hides. It’s the estrade for fearless men and women who want to stop the madness. 

Just like Sherlock Holmes sees that the monster he hunts is some hybrid of Bullmastiff and Danish dog. When we don’t dare to see something, it turns it bigger and stronger than it ever can be. When we dare to look at things. That we are afraid, we can see how horrible it really is. Maybe it's horrible. When we see that thing, we can see that there is nothing supernatural. Sometimes people think that things like bears are werewolves. Bears can raise up, and they really look like wolves, especially in fog. 

. 

The moonbridge

The moonbridge

At some point in the past, people believed that druids created the moon bridge. They believed that moonbridge is the path to heaven. There is a tale that Moonbridge is the path to great treasures. When people believed that moonbridge made them wealthy, they forgot what real capital and real treasures are. Are treasures some kind of gold boxes? Or was there something more than just gold? 

If there are some gold boxes, why were some people buried with those gold boxes on some lonely islands? Why didn't they take their coffins themselves? Why did those people, who buried their coffins in a distant island's sand, not take those gold ingots with them? How could those pirates think that they would get their gold from islands that are thousands of kilometers away from their home? Did they rent a ship that takes them to the island that was very far away? Why didn’t they bury those things under their house? 

We can say that druids' treasures are something more than just gold. They believed that wisdom and understanding were the biggest treasures that people could get. Druids were gone for a long time before the Romans conquered Britain. But still. Those people's spirit remains in Stonehenge. And other stone rings. Those things should represent something timeless to people. They tell tales about mysterious people who ruled  northern Europe but vanished before Caesar arrived in Britain. 

Fiskars Iroworks village.

 Fiskars Iroworks village. 

Fiskars Ironworks village is one of the most handsome travel destinations in Raasepori City, Uusimaa, Finland. The village itself is perfect 19th. century ironworks environment. Today, there are lives artists and some other people. The village itself is on the shores of the River of Fiskars. Houses form an entirety that is like a wall, and that forms communality in that village. That thing was meant to make a “we” spirit in that area. And that helped to keep outsiders out in the ironworks.

The map ahead introduces. How iroworks village is made at the shores of the river. The village itself is not too large. That’s a good place to walk and look at things that belong to the past. The fact is that the place is also quite commercial. Because keeping the place in good condition requires money. And when we are in that village outside the holidays, the feeling is like staying on the island of the past. 

Things like piracy were a problem in the past. And those models were confidential. Most people who lived in that ironworks village in the 19th century. Were foreigners. That means those people were quite isolated. The people who worked in that place had a long day. The reason for that was that long working days kept those people out of fights and drinking. The superiors were very segregated. 

They lived in their own nice houses. The regular workers lived outside their living areas. That helped to keep the higher-ranking members and their children away from the workers' influence. One of the reasons for a long working day was that this kept workers away from books. The payments were given in the form of money, alcohol, and corn. Money was shared from the office. That was at the edge of the village. That denied workers to see when money came. And they didn’t see the details of the money wagons. And they didn’t share that information with bandits.

There was also internal money in that ironworks village. That internal money, or a polette, was meant to be used in a small boutique. I think that the prices were lower if workers used pollettes. That thing binds those workers to the ironworks villages. Because those polettes were not money, and they could be used only in the ironworks’ shops that kept workers out of the local bars. Those workers didn’t communicate with outsiders very much. 

While ironworks operated. That small village was very isolated. And that helped to keep business out of the eyes of curious eyes. Things like a nice car kept the patron isolated and away from the workers' circles. The company brought that car in the 1920s. It was meant to show the value and position of the patron. That village is a very well-preserved remnant of the industry that began in the 17th century. 

The area itself is interesting. There are many small boutiques, and it’s a nice place to visit in summer. There are a couple of hotels. And that means you can visit for a night. And if you are an artist, you can rent a room or a house in that area. The Fiskars ironworks is part of the past in modern times. The time seems to stop in that place. In the summertime, there are lots of people. But after the holidays, the area is like a breath of old times in the middle of the new times. 

https://fiskarsmuseum.fi/en/explore-learn/the-digital-museum/fiskars-ironworks-1649-2014/

Coast again

 

Coast

 

Fantasy 2

 

Fantasy