The simplest explanation for ultra-high-energy particles might be the best one.

"When high-energy cosmic particles strike the top of Earth’s atmosphere, they produce showers of “daughter” particles that will find their way down to Earth. On the surface, we’ve built several notable detector arrays, including the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO), to reconstruct the energy and direction of the initial cosmic ray that struck the Earth." (BigThink, The simplest explanation for ultra-high-energy cosmic rays)

The ultra-high-energy particles are mysterious. But sometimes the best explanation is the simplest. When a particle travels in the universe, it faces many energy fields and other particles. Whenever those particles travel through the higher-power energy field, they transfer energy to the particle that travels through them. This means the reason for the ultra-high energy photons and other particles is that. 

"Any cosmic particle that travels through the Universe, regardless of speed or energy, must contend with the existence of the particles left over from the Big Bang. While we normally focus on the normal matter that exists, made of protons, neutrons, and electrons, they are outnumbered more than a billion-to-one by the remnant photons and neutrinos/antineutrinos. When a charged particle travels through the intergalactic medium, regardless of how it’s produced, it cannot ignore the “bath” of photons it will experience along its journey." (BigThink, The simplest explanation for ultra-high-energy cosmic rays)

Those particles traveled through extremely high-power energy fields, such as those. Found in black hole jets. In the same way. Things. Like gravitational lenses transmit energy to those particles. In the same way. When particles. Like electrons impact a photon, they load energy into the photon. 

A photonic ray. It can accelerate electrons. But in the same way, when an electron impacts a photon, that electron transfers energy into that photon. The photon also reflects from the incoming electron, and that impact. Stretches a photon into gamma-rays. The gamma-ray systems can be the next-generation tool in inspection. 

"Particles traveling near light speed can interact with starlight and boost it to gamma-ray energies. This animation shows the process, known as inverse Compton scattering. When light ranging from microwave to ultraviolet wavelengths collides with a fast-moving particle, the interaction boosts it to gamma rays, the most energetic form of light. This type of interaction, between photons and energetic charged particles, will also serve to slow down (or brake) the charged particle’s motion." (BigThink, The simplest explanation for ultra-high-energy cosmic rays)

Today. Those gamma rays are produced by using radioactive material. The radioactive material. It is a dangerous tool. In the wrong hands. And the particle accelerators that use laser beams. That impact with electrons can be an answer. The gamma-ray systems can open the atomic structures. In new ways. For reseachers. 

These kinds of reactions and interactions affect in the same way. To a photon, and because an electron’s mass is much higher, that thing can turn a photon’s wavelength into gamma rays. When. Laser rays are shot against electron beams. Those things can be used to create synthetic gamma-rays. The high-energy reactions can open a new route to high-energy solutions. 

"Cosmic rays, which are ultra-high energy particles originating from all over the Universe, including particles emanating from the Sun, strike atomic nuclei everywhere they exist. On Earth, they land in the upper atmosphere and produce showers of new particles, but on the Moon, they recoil off of the heavy atomic nuclei present on the airless Moon’s surface." (BigThink, The simplest explanation for ultra-high-energy cosmic rays)

The photon is the only particle that doesn’t cause annihilation when it impacts antimatter. 

Particle collisions between photons can also explain dark energy. The fact is that all particles in the universe react to photons. The interactions between photons and electrons can accelerate electrons to incredible speeds. The laser systems that accelerate electrons in the particle accelerators can open new paths into physics. 

The laser beam can travel across the cathode beam and push electrons into the accelerator tube. Those accelerators can be far smaller, and their energy level can be higher than that of particle accelerators. Those are in use. The photon beam can be used to control things. Like. Antimatter particles. The photon beam can be used to create antimatter systems. Like. Antimatter rockets. The laser beam that drives antimatter particles to the rocket chamber uses particles that don’t interact with antimatter. 

Pictures

 

Portable nuclear reactors can revolutionize technology.

Portable nuclear technology is the tool. That offers new energy solutions for new types of systems. The problem is that the military. And other types of infrastructure. Require lots of energy. 

New AI-based systems. Like adapting camouflage. And especially drones are problematic things. The AI requires lots of energy, and in the same way. Defense against drone swarms requires directed energy weapons. Those directed energy weapons require electricity. The Shahed-136-type drones can give. All platforms have an attack range of about 1000 kilometers. 

The small drone with a hollow warhead. It can cause lethal damage. If. It hits the nuclear submarines. Small nuclear systems. Can offer new types of abilities to small systems. Plutonium batteries offer a small drone. It uses an electric engine and a propeller. Unlimited. Operational range. Those drones can be airborne, underwater unmanned vehicles (UUV), and surface drones. 

A portable nuclear reactor fits in a truck. “'ZEUS' NANO Nuclear Energy's Portable and On-Demand Advanced Nuclear Micro Reactor Design”(Yahoo.com)

Portable, or miniature nuclear reactors. It can give a new capacity. To a small submarine. Like the Swedish A26 (The Blekinge) class. The Swedish A26 is a silent diesel-electric submarine that uses air-independent diesel-electric engines. Those submarines are shown to be effective when they could damage or even destroy the U.S fleet carrier during a naval drill. That submarine can be even more effective. If. It can have nuclear engine ability. 

That so-called micro reactors can offer. Micro-sized nuclear reactors. Are planned. To use as a portable energy solution for military operations and anti-drone systems. But they can also give. New abilities in all types of logistics. From trucks and other vehicles. Those systems can offer aircraft and ships almost unlimited operational range. Small-sized systems. That offers electricity. And heat to limited areas. Can make the networked energy solutions possible also in civil infrastructure. 

https://www.armyrecognition.com/news/navy-news/2025/discover-how-saabs-a26-fifth-generation-submarine-boosts-swedens-strength-beneath-waters

https://finance.yahoo.com/news/nano-nuclear-energy-inc-announces-120000498.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYmluZy5jb20v&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAACRyl7gUv28nVYyu7lY1u6o-4vMiVjTRVdOzqkFK3TCyFZcmjfEkqAwOzSy9mpTqaGZ7JSdnkx-mDzT6CK-Gnjfp5XWzd_19ztuWsAiGN7-oZVzztMYQsgTmbsIMu7LhfzbxtMLKyXy2fLHBPsyWSP_fB86EwutPRBkRRw8CtskR

https://www.globenewswire.com/Tr/news-release/2024/06/18/2900395/0/en/NANO-Nuclear-Energy-Senior-Director-and-Head-of-Reactor-Design-Prof-Massimiliano-Fratoni-Honored-at-American-Nuclear-Society-s-Annual-Conference-2024-and-Awarded-the-Untermyer-Cisl.html

https://www.greenmemag.com/science-technology/the-portable-nuclear-reactor-that-could-run-for-three-years/

https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2020/10/saabs-a26-submarine-program-transitioning-from-design-to-production/

https://www.twz.com/sea/poland-to-buy-advanced-new-a26-submarines-from-sweden

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blekinge-class_submarine

The new algorithms make the engineering easier.

The new algorithms allow the architect to plan curved structures in minutes. This brings a new expectation in my mind. That expectation is, how long can we wait for the house that is fully AI-planned? The image above this text was made using Gemini A’Is NanoBanana tool. The command that I gave was “make the floor plan of a flat of four rooms and a kitchen. The size. Of the flat. It is 52 square meters.

It took about 10 seconds. When this free tool made that floor plan. This thing makes me think about what the AI will make. To the engineering. There will be many things that the AI can make faster than humans. This thing makes it possible to make the systems that were hard to plan before. The rocket image is also made using Gemini. The time limit for that image was 20 seconds. And those things show what the AI can do. If AI had more time, it could make better images.

Highest is not always hardest.

The most dangerous point can be found. In the journey. 

Also, other than the highest mountains. Mean something. Every mountain cannot be the highest. There are many others. Than the highest mountains. If we want to climb those lower mountains, we must be as prepared as we would be climbing to the highest mountain. 

Another way to think about the painting “Wanderer above the sea of fog” is simply. To think that the man is at a point. The thing is that the mountain might seem easy. But the journey to it might be hard. That means that also other mountains. Than the highest mountains are mountains. Those other mountains also have their slopes and existence. The man must beat all the mountains that are on his route to the highest mountain.

The hiker must make a choice. There, he must select which route he choose. There are two peaks on the horizon. The lower peak is difficult, but the higher peak seems easy. That means the highest peaks are not always the hardest to reach. Another thought is this. Finally, we face a position. We must make a decision. The highest is not a synonym for hardest. So, if the wanderer chooses the higher peak, the journey to that peak is difficult. But the peak itself can be quite easy. 

Or is the peak that seems lower at a longer distance? This means. That the thing that is far away might seem small. But there is a big surprise. There might be many peaks and hilltops between that wanderer and the goal. The goal can be the highest peak. But which of those two peaks is taller? And even lower peaks can always be hard to exceed. Even if we know the highest mountain and try to climb to it, we face reality. The reality is that lower hills. Also means something. There are many other actors. And not all actors seem tough. But we must also notice the lower actors. 

The top man sees only other top men.

 

 

Wanderer above the Sea of Fog (Der Wanderer über dem Nebelmeer). A painting by a German Romanticist artist. Caspar David Friedrich's 1818 is one of the most well-known paintings in history. (Wikipedia).

Sometimes this painting is suggested to be a portrait. About the journey to the unknown. The wanderer sees the valley where he has ever been. Fog covers the bottom, and the person knows that he must go down. There is no turning back from that position. Wanderer is free and feeling comfortable, except he is alone. Nobody sees that person, so he can do anything he wants. 

The person sees another hilltop and mountains. Those things are higher than the place where that person stands. If a wanderer wants to climb to those mountains. That requires walking through the valleys. And the person must also get the mountain climber equipment. The composition shows danger. Excitement. And also the moment before stepping into the unknown. If the person wants to change the position, he must go through a rocky, difficult, and unknown route. 

The wanderer traveled for a long time. Now he has a vision of what to do next. The vision is to conquer even higher mountains. He conquered the summit of one hill. Now he wants to conquer more challenging hills and mountains. He wants to be at the top. He faced one challenge and overcame it. Now he wants to overcome more challenges. The mountains on the horizon symbolize challenges. And the hill where the wanderer stands symbolizes the challenge the wanderer has succeeded in overcoming. The first challenge is always toughest. And it trains to beat more difficult challenges. 

The wanderer knows that there is no return. There is no place to go backward. There is a suggestion that this painting symbolizes life. We cannot go back. Into our youth. We can only move forward to a future that is unknown to us. Maybe that portrait symbolizes a person on the edge. Of adulthood. Or maybe that person is a graduate student. The studies are ready. But there is only one thing to make. That is a step to working life. That means the next step. It is a step to adventure. 

It is sometimes suggested that planet Venus’s landscape. Might look like this. Maybe someday in the distant future we will get a photograph. There is an astronaut or a robot. That stands as this wanderer stands in the painting above Venus’s landscape. Those thoughts are interesting. And they bring their own charm to philosophy and imagination. 

But let’s go back to that painting. The person stands above a mystical foggy landscape. The painting is introduced in many philosophical texts, which tell about things. like stoicism. The painting is introduced as a portrait. Of a person. Who stands above fog and is their own master. Or the character portraits person who stands above. And the same way outside the other world. The person stands alone and isolated above the fog. 

People are in the fog. And the person cannot see them. The people in the valleys. Either see that person, and they can communicate by yelling. The person who stands above the fog can hear people below the fog. But that person cannot see them. This is one of the things that can connect this painting to Stoicism. The person stands above and outside society. This means freedom and loneliness. 

But there is another thing this painting tells people. The person who stands on the hill, or hilltop, is the topman. The topman sees other hilltops. This means that the topman sees only other topmen. So, topman sees other topmen, but those topmen might not have a vision of what regular people can do with the same things. Topmen can be ultra-rich people who know many other rich people. Those people often serve as managers.  They work with other managers. And those other managers open doors. To them, more often than regular people. 

Top actors talk with other top people. Top people see only top things. And that is their strength and weakness. Loneliness is the price of being free. Or maybe the top man searches other top men. 

The top scientists and other professionals also talk with other top professionals and other top scientists. They might never think what a regular actor in their sector does. When we think about the top computer specialists. There is always news about the voice files. That can open any computer system to hackers. But can a regular hacker make those things? And can a regular ICT operator even know those people? Is an ICT operator. Some kind of typical worker? 

We can think of that thing as a Formula 1 driver. Those drivers are the most well-known people in the world. But are those Formula 1 drivers typical drivers? Is a Formula 1 driver a typical car racer? And does the Formula 1 driver make the car that he uses? Topmen work with other topmen. But regular actors. It might be invisible to the top men.  And regular actors are not seeing top men. There is fog between the top and the bottom. Regular actors don’t understand the top. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wanderer_above_the_Sea_of_Fog

Entangled particles can amplify light more effectively.

"Visualization of atoms placed in an optical cavity, interacting with each other as well as with the light mode. Credit: Yao Wang @ Emory University" (ScitechDaily, New Research Shows How Entanglement Amplifies Light)

"Researchers discovered that when atoms interact and remain entangled with light, they emit stronger, more coordinated bursts of energy. This breakthrough could lead to faster, more efficient quantum devices and improved control over light-matter systems."(ScitechDaily, New Research Shows How Entanglement Amplifies Light)

A twisted form of atoms in a laser element can amplify light. Freezing those atoms in that formation requires that. The atoms are entangled with light. But if that is successful, that thing can make new and powerful quantum tools possible. 

That thing can explain the power of the black hole's relativistic jet. And maybe a twisted form of the hypothetical graviton cloud around a black hole spin axle can form a coherent gravitational wave that travels out from the black hole’s spin axle. If gravitons exist. 

They could form the twisted helix structure. around a black hole’s spin axis. Those particles form a standing wave inside that structure. And that standing gravitational wave can escape from a black hole, if it's edge. It is out of the event horizon. 

When atoms are entangled with light. That amplifies the light strongly. 

Above, you can see the new way to amplify light. If the amplification happens by using twisted atoms. That makes it possible. To make stronger light impulses in lasers. But the same physical rules. Also allows other particles to send stronger wave packages. The thing in that case is that those twisted particles form a standing wave between them. Then those particles send a wave movement to that standing wave. 

And those things also allow researchers to create systems that can send X- and gamma-ray impulses. In the X-ray version, the nano-sized iron powder hovers in the rope-shaped tubes. And then the cathode tubes can send electron beams into those iron particles horizontally or vertically. In that system, the solid anode is replaced by iron powder. And the electron beam hits those iron particles.

The new observations confirm that entangled particles amplify light. That observation explains why the black hole's relativistic jets are so powerful. When atoms are in the form. That looks like a rope. That makes it possible to create more effective lasers. The rope-shaped laser tubes. Those that are twisted around the laser can input energy to the laser element. Or atoms in a laser element can be. In a twisted shape. This thing could be. A very big advancement in lasers. 

This thing can explain some of the things. In a black hole. If the matter and energy that fall into a black hole form a braid-like spiral, that thing can explain some radiation models of the black hole. If the entanglement particles amplified the light. That thing can happen in all other particles.

So if hypothetical gravitons are entangled or in a twisted shape. They should send stronger gravitational waves in that structure. And that can cause an interesting idea. Is it possible that in the black hole, the axle is the rope-shaped structure? That sends coherent gravitational waves. That pulls the relativistic jet into its form. 

https://phys.org/news/2025-11-probing-quantum-nature-black-holes.html#google_vignette

https://scitechdaily.com/new-research-shows-how-entanglement-amplifies-light/